Endothelial dysfunction its role in hypertensive coronary disease pdf
In fact, in a murine model without the endothelial isoform of NOS, the mice are hypertensive with endothelial dysfunction. 8 As a free radical, NO is subject to scavenging both by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the superoxide anion.
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A marked decrease in the serum cholesterol level was associated with a correction of endothelial dysfunction, 5 improvement in myocardial perfusion, 19 and a decrease in the incidence of
plays a major role given its high frequency and its physiopathogene-sis. Thus, roughly 15% of the general adult population manifest HT with a net male predominance, and 25% of patients with CHD have HT [1]. CHD is the first cause of morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients. Numerous other risk factors for CHD, such as dyslipi-daemia, insulin resistance, diabetes, obesity, lack of
Abstract. the Effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition on Endothelial Dysfunction: Potential Role in Myocardial lschemia Carl J. Pepine, s is well known, the A arterymyocardial (CAD) pathogenesis of coronary disease and its clinical consequences, ischemia and infarction, are reMD system and a tissue angiotensin system, both of which
dysfunction in the coronary bed of ovariectomized SHR associated with an increase in the expression of antioxidant enzymes, and therefore may prevent coronary heart disease in hypertensive postmenopausal women.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarization (EDH) in Hypertension: The Role of Endothelial Ion Channels
Endothelial dysfunction is an early manifestation of atherosclerosis. Inflammation and vasa vasorum play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of plaque initiation, development, and complications.
Given that normal endothelial function plays a central role in vascular homeostasis, it follows that endothelial dysfunction probably contributes to disease states characterized by vasospasm, vasoconstriction, excessive thrombosis or abnormal vascular proliferation, alone or in combination, including atherosclerosis and hypertension .
Coronary artery disease is the major cause of death worldwide. Hypertension is a major risk factor for developing coronary disease. It is now recognized that endothelial dysfunction is an early
Using high-resolution ultrasound technique, endothelial dysfunction has been demonstrated in patients with atherosclerosis and risk factors for coronary disease, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and being smokers.
Several conditions characterised overtly by “small vessel disease”, such as diabetes, hypertension, and microvascular angina, are associated with endothelial dysfunction. Microvascular angina Syndrome X, empirically defined as angina with positive exercise test and normal coronary arteriogram in the absence of other cardiac disease,
Background Endothelial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease (CAD). Previous studies suggested that human endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 (endocan) may be a novel endothelial dysfunction marker. This study aims to investigate the relationship between serum endocan level and the presence and severity of CAD in patients with hypertension
Purpose: We studied the relationship between MB and microvascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Patients with stable angina and non-obstructive CAD (stenosis <40%) at angiography underwent an invasive assessment of endothelial …
erosclerotic disease progression and cardiovascular events rate.23,24 Thus, coronary endothelial vasoreactivity may pro-vide diagnostic and prognostic information in patients at risk
Endothelial dysfunction was first characterized in hu- isolated, and its physiological role remains uncertain. In contrast, endothelial cells produce the most potent. Arq Bras Cardiol volume 75, (nº 2), 2000 175 Caramori and Zago Endothelial dysfunction and coronary artery disease vasoconstrictor known, endothelin-1 49. Endothelins constitute a family of polypeptides produced by various
Endothelial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Other risk factors of atherosclerosis also affect its development. The aim of the study was to assess nitric oxide metabolites concentration (nitrites and nitrates No
endothelial dysfunction not only is associated with cardiovas- cular disease but may also precede its development, as shown in a study of offspring of hypertensive patients (17).
The release of NO plays an essential role in the protection exerted by the endothelial cells against coronary disease. Indeed, the endothelial mediator not only prevents abnormal constrictions (vasospasm) of the coronary arteries, but also inhibits the aggregation of platelets, the expression of
The impressive and instant improvement of NO availability following administration of antioxidants supports the role of oxygen species in the impaired endothelial dependent relaxation in coronary artery disease and its risk factors and are consistent with the notion, that the cellular redox state may be an important regulator of endothelium-derived NO.
Endothelial dysfunction Its role in hypertensive coronary
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021700 Effect of Exercise on Coronary Endothelial nejm.org
ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN PERIPHERAL ARTERIES. Although studies in the coronary circulation have the greatest clinical relevance, it is interesting that measures of endothelial function in peripheral arteries also have predictive value for coronary heart disease.
Endothelial dysfunction, detected as the presence of reduced vasodilating response to endothelial stimuli, has been observed to be associated with major cardiovascular risk factors, such as aging, hyperhomocysteinemia, postmenopause state, smoking, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension .
This study documents that assessment of coronary endothelial dysfunction can predict acute cardiovascular events in patients with and without coronary artery disease, providing additional information that complements angiographic and risk factor assessment.
More recently, it has been shown that coronary dysfunctioning endothelium may lose its ability to exert its endothelial vasodilator dysfunction predicts long-term ath- Received January 3, 2001; revision received April 12, 2001; accepted April 14, 2001. From the Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Diseases Unit (F.P., R.C., A.P, G.V., S.I., A.S., A.F.) and Cardiovascular Surgery Unit (M.C., P
Thus, coronary endothelial dysfunction might have a crucial role in the long-term cardiovascular prognosis for patients treated with DES, as in patients with established atherosclerosis or early disease .
This editorial refers to ‘Coronary endothelial dysfunction in patients with early coronary artery disease is associated with the increase in intravascular lipid core plaque, † …
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There are many studies correlating endothelial dysfunction (conduit artery and microvasculature likewise) with cardiovascular risk and extensive literature documents that endothelial dysfunction is associated with almost every condition predisposing to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. 61 Endothelial dysfunction has been demonstrated in patients with arterial hypertension, 62,63
Endothelial dysfunction was not found in hypertensive patients without a family history of cardiovascular diseases and without other risk factors of atherosclerosis. Deterioration of endothelial function was observed in patients with hypertension with risk factors of atherosclerosis. It was most pronounced in those with CAD.
Abstract. It has been two decades since the discovery of adiponectin, and today its role in insulin resistance, inflammation, and atherosclerosis are areas of major interest.
In the clinic, endothelial dysfunction is associated with CVD, and specifically with hypertension, coronary heart disease, thrombosis, and cardiac insufficiency [9 – 11].
Coronary artery disease is the major cause of death worldwide. Hypertension is a major risk factor for developing coronary disease. It is now recognized that endothelial dysfunction is an early marker of coronary artery disease before structural changes to the vessel wall are apparent on angiography
Endothelial dysfunction has been demonstrated in patients with angiographic evidence of atherosclerosis or with risk factors for coronary artery disease [ 16–18]. There are various mechanisms involved with different stimuli to activate the endothelium. Whereas acetylcholine or catecholamines lead to stimulation by receptor activation, flow-dependent dilation leads to a mechanical stimulation
It is the general consensus of vascular biologists that endothelial injury with resulting dysfunction is the initiating event in atherosclerosis and plays an important role in the ischemic manifestations of coronary disease.
It is now recognized that endothelial dysfunction is an early marker of coronary artery disease before structural changes to the vessel wall are apparent on angiography or intravascular ultrasound and that it has a prognostic value in predicting cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients.
Vascular endothelial dysfunction is determined by both genetic and environmental factors that cause decreased bioavailability of the vasodilator nitric oxide. This is a hallmark of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and coronary heart disease, which are major complications of metabolic disorders, including diabetes and obesity. Several therapeutic
Abstract . Chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with increases in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and subclinical atherosclerosis as well as early-stage endothelial dysfunction screening using the FMD method (Flow Mediated Dilation).
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The endothelium plays a critical part in the regulation of vascular function through elaboration of paracrine factors that maintain vascular tone, inhibit platelet and inflammatory cell adhesion, promote fibrinolysis, and limit vascular proliferation. 1 Endothelial dysfunction refers to a pathophysiological disease state in which homoeostatic functions of endothelial cells are perturbed
Our results demonstrate that in Ang II-induced hypertensive rats, puerarin protects against endothelial dysfunction and end organ damage with a mild reduction in SBP, and that the cardiovascular beneficial effects of puerarin may be in part attributed to its anti-oxidant and upregulation of phosphor-eNOS.
effect of exercise on coronary endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease study if they had a hemodynamically important coronary-artery stenosis that required nonsurgical
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Association between Hemoglobin Level and Endothelial
Vasculopathy including endothelial dysfunction, is a hallmark of CAD and may play an important role in impairing neural adaptation to exercise. This study aimed to assess peripheral measurements of endothelial function as predictors of cognitive performance in CAD participants undertaking cardiac rehabilitation (CR).
Endothelial damage or removal abolishes the dilation of epicardial coronary arteries induced by increments in flow through these arteries in vitro.
However, statins are able to improve endothelial function, even in the absence of any effect on lipid profile , and in populations with normal cholesterol levels, but distinguished by endothelial dysfunction, including smokers, hypertensive, and diabetic patients.
Background Endothelial function is impaired in coronary artery disease and may contribute to its clinical manifestations. Increased oxidative stress has been linked to impaired endothelial function in atherosclerosis and may play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular events.
Studies are required to investigate the application of carvedilol and apoA-1 for the treatment of coronary artery disease and for controlling the risk factors for coronary artery disease as well as the extent of improvement they elicit on endothelial function.
Hypoadiponectinemia and Hypertension: Endothelial Dysfunction Several theories have been proposed to address the relationship between adiponectin and HT at a mechanistic level, particularly involving the endothelium, kidney, and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) [ 26 ].
Both coronary and peripheral endothelial dysfunction have been found in ischaemic as well as non-ischaemic heart failure patients, 80–82 although peripheral endothelial dysfunction, measured by brachial FMD, seems to be less important in non-ischaemic patients, 83 suggesting an incremental role of atherosclerosis in ischaemic patients.
Hypertension is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Endothelial dysfunction is considered an early indicator of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and hypertension.
ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION AND ITS ROLE IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE . PAGE 3 ASSESSMENT OF ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION While there are different methods used to evaluate endothelial function, the most well
Endothelial dysfunction is thought to be the preclinical vascular changes in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and it its major manifestation; coronary heart disease. This study was designed to assess the endothelial function in subjects with major coronary risk factors including hypertension.
Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in
Hypertension contributes significantly to worldwide cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Hypertension appears to have a complex association with endothelial dysfunction, a phenotypical alteration of the vascular endothelium that precedes the development of …
Endothelial dysfunction has been implicated in the macrovascular complications of hypertension, such as stroke or myocardial infarction, coronary microvascular dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness, probably at least partly resulting from loss of the antiatherogenic and vasculoprotective effects of endothelium-derived nitric oxide.
Background and objectives Hemoglobin (Hb) is an important nitric oxide (NO) buffer and a modulator of NO bioavailability. In addition, endothelial dysfunction is common in hypertensive patients, suggesting a pivotal role of hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) in vascular function.
Endothelial Dysfunction, Hypertension and Atherosclerosis A Review of the Effects of Lacidipine H. Haller, F. Cosentino and T.F. Lüscher Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital and Cardiovascular Research,
Abstract. Hyperuricaemia is common in subjects with cardiovascular disease, but is not commonly considered a true risk factor. Recent studies suggest that uric acid is biologically active and can stimulate oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and vasoconstriction.
its core the homeostasis of vasoreactivity factors. Such factors are central to Such factors are central to understanding endothelial cell integrity and, therefore, endothelial dysfunction,
Summary This comprehensive knowledge of the role of miRNAs in endothelial dysfunction and hypertension and of molecular mechanisms proposed for miRNA actions may of- fer novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for controlling hypertension-associated endothelial dysfunction and other cardiovascular complications. Keywords Hypertension .Endothelialdysfunction . MicroRNAs …
Potential mechanisms of impaired endothelial function in
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The role of uric acid in the pathogenesis of human
Several studies implicate that LPA may act as a pathologic mediator of atherogenesis including its incorporation into human atherosclerotic lesions [8,9], its generation upon oxidation of LDLs , and its effect on endothelial cells [9,11] and platelets , and its role in neointimal formation .
Argan (Argania spinosa) oil lowers blood pressure and improves endothelial dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats – Volume 92 Issue 6 – Hicham Berrougui, Maria Alvarez de Sotomayor, Concepción Pérez-Guerrero, Abdelkader Ettaib, Mohamed …
Non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NoCAD), cardiac syndrome X (CSX), conduit vessel endothelial dysfunction and microvascular angina are all terms used to describe patients that have chest pain yet no obstructive coronary artery disease on coronary angiography.
Coronary endothelial function (CEF) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) varies among coronary segments in a given patient. Because both coronary vessel wall eccentricity and coronary endothelial dysfunction are predictors of adverse outcomes, we hypothesized that local coronary
Elevated endothelial cell–derived endothelial microparticle levels are predictive of the presence of coronary artery lesions, and it is a more significant independent risk factor than duration of diabetes, lipid levels, or presence of hypertension . The consequence of the apoptotic process is the so-called arterial denudation, which triggers important proatherosclerotic processes such as
These techniques have given valuable insights into the risk factors for coronary endothelial dysfunction in angiographically smooth arteries 43, 44and into the role of endothelial dysfunction in predisposing to dynamic plaque activation and constriction 5, 6, 45.
REVIEW Endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease P. M. Vanhoutte,1 H. Shimokawa,2 E. H. C. Tang3 and M. Feletou4 1 Department of Pharmacology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
The term endothelial dysfunction has been used to refer to several pathological conditions, including altered anticoagu- lant and anti-inflammatory properties of the endothelium,
Nitric oxide (NO) signaling plays a major role in modulating vascular tone and remodeling in the pulmonary circulation, but its role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular diseases is still not completely understood. Numerous abnormalities of NO synthesis and signaling have been identified in animal models of pulmonary vascular disease and in humans with pulmonary hypertension. Many of
The Trial on Reversing ENdothelial Dysfunction (TREND) 33 x 33 Mancini, G.B.J., Henry, G.C., Macaya, C. et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition with quinapril improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease (The TREND (Trial on Reversing ENdothelial Dysfunction) Study) .
Endothelial Dysfunction The First Step Towards Coronary
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Endothelial Dysfunction Oxidative Stress and Risk of
oxidative stress, endothelial damage and dysfunction, and are associated with significantly higher serum concentrations of total cholesterol and triglycerides, and lower levels of the cardioprotective high-density lipoprotein. By causing intravascular inflammation, smoking promotes the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief
The goals of this review are two-fold: to examine the evidence in support of a role for insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension, and to evaluate the hypothesis that insulin resistance and its manifestations play major roles in the development of coronary heart disease in patients with essential hypertension. In both instances, only
We describe a young woman with severely symptomatic coronary endothelial dysfunction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease who experienced a dramatic and sustained reduction in symptoms in response to a standard 35-hour course of EECP.
coronary heart disease, and hypercholesterolemia all . correlate with increases in blood pressure. Other factors . such as stress and increased sympathetic nervous system . activity stimulates the
Nitric Oxide Deficiency and Endothelial Dysfunction in
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Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarization (EDH) in
Endothelial dysfunction over the course of coronary artery
RETRACTED ARTICLE Effects of uric acid on endothelial
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Puerarin protects against endothelial dysfunction and end
Endothelial function and clinical outcome Heart
Endothelial dysfunction Its role in hypertensive coronary
The effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on
Several conditions characterised overtly by “small vessel disease”, such as diabetes, hypertension, and microvascular angina, are associated with endothelial dysfunction. Microvascular angina Syndrome X, empirically defined as angina with positive exercise test and normal coronary arteriogram in the absence of other cardiac disease,
Hypertension is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Endothelial dysfunction is considered an early indicator of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and hypertension.
Summary This comprehensive knowledge of the role of miRNAs in endothelial dysfunction and hypertension and of molecular mechanisms proposed for miRNA actions may of- fer novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for controlling hypertension-associated endothelial dysfunction and other cardiovascular complications. Keywords Hypertension .Endothelialdysfunction . MicroRNAs …
Coronary endothelial function (CEF) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) varies among coronary segments in a given patient. Because both coronary vessel wall eccentricity and coronary endothelial dysfunction are predictors of adverse outcomes, we hypothesized that local coronary
Our results demonstrate that in Ang II-induced hypertensive rats, puerarin protects against endothelial dysfunction and end organ damage with a mild reduction in SBP, and that the cardiovascular beneficial effects of puerarin may be in part attributed to its anti-oxidant and upregulation of phosphor-eNOS.
Nitric oxide (NO) signaling plays a major role in modulating vascular tone and remodeling in the pulmonary circulation, but its role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular diseases is still not completely understood. Numerous abnormalities of NO synthesis and signaling have been identified in animal models of pulmonary vascular disease and in humans with pulmonary hypertension. Many of
Endothelial dysfunction was first characterized in hu- isolated, and its physiological role remains uncertain. In contrast, endothelial cells produce the most potent. Arq Bras Cardiol volume 75, (nº 2), 2000 175 Caramori and Zago Endothelial dysfunction and coronary artery disease vasoconstrictor known, endothelin-1 49. Endothelins constitute a family of polypeptides produced by various
